NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission

Correct Answer : Option c

NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) observatory being jointly developed by NASA and ISRO. It will map the entire globe in 12 days. The satellite will be the first radar imaging satellite to use dual frequencies. It will be used for remote sensing, to observe and understand natural processes on Earth.

Statement 1 is correct: The mission's objectives include observing Earth's cryosphere and understanding the global carbon cycle. It will provide spatially and temporally consistent data for understanding changes in Earth’s ecosystems (including global carbon cycle), ice mass (cryosphere), vegetation biomass, sea level rise, ground water and natural hazards including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes and landslides.

Statement 2 is correct: NISAR will be the first satellite mission to employ dual-frequency radar imaging using both L-band and S-band Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR). The L-band radar, provided by NASA, is capable of penetrating dense vegetation and soil, making it ideal for monitoring forest biomass and subsurface changes. The S-band radar, developed by ISRO, is more sensitive to surface-level features, allowing for detailed observations of soil moisture and agricultural patterns.

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