The Rise of Jellyfish in Indian Waters

Jellyfish population surge and marine ecology Challenges

What are Jellyfish?

Jellyfish, also called sea jellies, are marine creatures made up of nearly 95% water. They have a soft, umbrella-shaped body and lack a central brain, but they can sense light, temperature, and chemicals. While visually attractive, many species can sting and be harmful to humans.

Why is their population increasing in Indian waters?

Earlier limited mainly to Gujarat, jellyfish are now seen in large numbers along the coasts of Karnataka, Kerala, and Goa. Experts suggest this surge is linked to declining predator populations, overfishing, climate change, and human interference in marine habitats.

Why is this a concern for marine ecosystems?

Jellyfish disrupt the marine food chain by competing with fish for plankton and reducing prey for turtles such as Olive Ridleys. Their unchecked growth is seen as a warning sign of ecological imbalance and declining biodiversity in coastal waters.

How are humans being affected?

Fishermen report jellyfish frequently getting trapped in nets, lowering their fish catch and affecting income. Tourists in coastal states are also facing an increased risk of painful stings, making beaches less safe and affecting local tourism.

What steps are being taken?

Marine experts and forest departments are closely monitoring jellyfish sightings and collecting data. They stress the need for stricter coastal regulations, conservation of predator species, and reduction of pollution to help restore balance in marine ecosystems.